On the practice of vibration isolation and noise reduction of elevator guide rail

Ma Denghua 1 He Yongsheng 2

(1. Shenzhen shenri Elevator Engineering Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518000; 2. Guangdong special equipment testing institute, Guangzhou 510655)

Abstract: in modern high-rise residential buildings, the elevator shaft and the partition wall are often the same entity, which makes the vibration and noise of the guide rail have a greater impact on the adjacent residents who share the wall with the shaft when the elevator is running at high speed. This paper discusses the mechanism of the noise produced by the elevator guide rail and the related technical progress, analyzes some technical errors of noise reduction, and puts forward the correct noise control method of the elevator guide rail based on the successful case analysis of the vibration isolation and noise reduction of the guide rail.

Key words: elevator shaft; elevator guide rail; vibration isolation support

DISCUSS THE PRACTICE RESEARCH OF VIBRATION ISOLATION AND NOISE REDUCTION OF THE ELEVATOR GUIDE RAIL

Ma Denghua1 He Yongsheng2

（1.Shenzhen shenri elevator engineering Co. Ltd，shenzhen，518000；

2.Guangdong Province Special Equipment Inspection Institute 510655）

Abstract：The space wall of elevator well way and household is often the same entity in the modern high-rise residential buildings. The paper discusses the produce mechanism and related technical progress of the elevator guide rail noise, and analyses the part of the error technology in the noise reduction control. Combined with the successful ca se analysis in the noise reduction control of guide rail, it puts forward the correct elevator guide rail noise control method.

Keywords: elevator well way；elevator guide rail；isolation stents

With the continuous improvement of living conditions and health awareness, people's requirements for the sound quality of living environment are increasingly prominent. With the rapid development of real estate in China, some technical details are missing and neglected, which makes the noise problem of elevator guide rail become another important topic of elevator noise control after "elevator machine room noise". In order to promote the further development of elevator noise control technology, the author makes a simple statement on the causes, control methods and common prevention and control misunderstandings based on some practical experience in the field of elevator guide rail noise control over the years, for your reference:

1. Causes of elevator guide rail noise

The noise of elevator guide rail is mainly reflected in the high-speed elevator (≥ 2m / s) of high-rise residential buildings. Based on the consideration of building cost, plot ratio and other factors in the design of the developer, the common wall building design is generally adopted between the elevator shaft and the living room, and the elevator guide rail is directly installed on the public wall, which results in the vibration of the elevator sliding at high speed through the sound bridge between the guide rail bracket and the wall to affect the similar residents. The existing installation technology of elevator guide rail is basically to use angle iron bracket or bending steel plate to connect and fasten the elevator guide rail. In order to reduce the sliding vibration of elevator guide rail and ensure the comfortable operation of elevator, most manufacturers use roller, sliding guide shoe or add spring support on the above basis as technical means. Although this technology solves the comfort of the elevator car to a large extent, it has limited control over the vibration transmitted outward through the building structure. In addition, high-speed elevators are generally designed with wire rope rewinding hanging and lifting, and reverse rope wheels are set in the elevator car and counterweight side, while the vibration of high-speed operation of reverse rope wheel and the friction of wire rope often form the vibration superposition effect, which is transmitted to the nearby residential room through the wall acoustic bridge. From the actual case, this kind of structural low-frequency vibration is more annoying than "elevator room noise"! Among them, the high-speed elevator with frame light brick structure is more prominent. Its sound characteristics are very similar to bowling ball rolling on the track bed; in some cases, the noise of elevator running is as high as 50-60 decibels, just like a typhoon, and the residents close to the shaft are very disgusted, which has become a new problem in the development of elevator and building.

2. Objective condition analysis of preventing and controlling the noise of elevator guide rail

Although many elevator manufacturers and developers have been more or less troubled by the problem of "elevator guide rail noise", and have done some design or prevention considerations, they often fail to make new breakthroughs in prevention and control due to objective conditions. From our research on elevator noise control, the objective reasons that hinder the development of elevator guide rail noise control technology in China are as follows:

2.1 the noise control of elevator guide rail belongs to the edge science of the industry, and the research is difficult

The noise of elevator guide rail is different from the general noise and belongs to low frequency vibration. From the technical level, vibration and noise should belong to the field of noise and vibration control. However, because the elevator is a special equipment, the construction operation involves the safety factors of elevator operation, and there are also the problems of legal permission of construction qualification and whether the noise reduction measures meet the national standards, resulting in the lack of elevator professional knowledge for the technicians in the field of noise control, who are unable to conduct in-depth research; while the elevator manufacturers have the technical conditions for research, they are often lack of "noise and vibration control" The knowledge and experience of "system" cannot make a breakthrough in technology; in addition, the noise of elevator guide rail is affected by high-speed elevator, and there is a large piston wind effect in elevator shaft generally (especially when the exhaust outlet of shaft is poor), so there is a certain relationship between noise control and sound insulation of building wall itself, involving the field of building sound insulation technology. As the saying goes, "running apart is like a mountain", the noise prevention and control of elevator guide rail is a marginal technology involving many industries, so the prevention and control research is very difficult

We are entrusted to carry out the fourth professional treatment (completely solve the impact of vibration and noise):

Under the condition of continuous complaints from the residents, the developer entrusted us to carry out the fourth rail noise reduction treatment for the elevator under the guidance of experts in the industry. After confirming the noise situation, we adopted the practical research and development of the vibration damping device of the elevator guide rail, and carried out the comprehensive control of the vibration damping of the elevator guide rail. After the elevator speed rises to the original 2.5m/s, the noise reduction effect is still good. After the third-party inspection, the indoor noise of the household is reduced to below 30dB, and the household is also very satisfied with the noise reduction effect. See Fig. 3 for specific project construction and Fig. 4 for indoor noise detection data.

It can be seen that only by correctly understanding and understanding the generation of elevator guide rail noise, making clear the "sound source" transmission of elevator guide rail noise, learning and mastering the application of "sound absorption", "sound insulation" and "vibration reduction" technology, can we truly and thoroughly solve the problem of elevator guide rail noise from the root.

About the author: Ma Denghua, Shenzhen shenri Elevator Engineering Co., Ltd. is one of the researchers engaged in elevator noise reduction technology.

E-mail：hua.hitachi@163.com